Three-colored violet is also called viola, pansies, three-colored. The plant can be found in many flower beds, forest edges and clearings. Botanical class plants are grassy. The species is used for medicinal purposes, as it has a lot of useful chemical compounds and trace elements in the composition of leaves, root and flowers.
What does tricolor violet look like?
Almost every person has ever seen this plant, which is popularly called pansies. Description of three-colored violet:
- medium-sized annual herbaceous plant;
- leaves oblong with three sections, pointed at the edge;
- the stalk is not high erect, hollow inside;
- flowers are solitary in a bush;
- The flowers are painted in three colors. Mostly it is purple, yellow and white.
Violet tricolor in the wild
The flower develops well and quickly, forming full-fledged flower beds or glades.
Common varieties
Popular varieties of flower:
- Helen mount;
- Bowls' Black;
- Eyes of the Tiger;
- Shalom Purim;
- Cassis.
Note! Three-colored violet is an exceptionally wild plant, and hybrids are grown on flower beds.
Hybrid violets tricolor
Each species has its own distinctive external features that directly relate to the shape of the petals, their coloring.
Healing properties
In modern medicine, plant extract is used in many antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory drugs. Medicinal properties:
- increases mucus secretion in the bronchi, cures cough;
- antiseptic effect on the gastrointestinal tract;
- speeds up the metabolism;
- relieves inflammation, including treating diathesis in children and adults.
The use of plants in medicine
The extract is most often used to treat skin diseases and to eliminate a diverse cough.
Briefly about the application history
Useful properties of the plant were discovered in the XI century. Many medical treatises describe the methods of application of the plant and the healing outcome.
For your information!The aerial part of the plant was constantly used and is now used in cosmetology to improve skin color and eliminate rashes and ulcers.
Viola infusion
Shredded flowers are used as a healing ointment, a decoction of leaves is a means of a hangover. Tinctures help in the fight against cough in children, gout and headache. A decoction from the root heals the gums and the digestive system.
Features of the care of violet tricolor home
Three-flowered hybrids are not very whimsical, as their relatives are wild wildflowers. In accordance with this, care is not difficult. But pay attention nevertheless to watering, choosing a place for planting, cultivating forms.
Temperature
Viola tolerates any temperature. Not afraid even of the first frosts, so flowering continues until late winter.
Lighting
For planting, it is worth choosing shaded places in the flowerbed. An ideal option would be a place under the crown of trees. Direct sunlight can burn leaflets and dry buds.
Watering
The flower loves moisture, so you need to water almost every day. In this case, you do not need to fill the plant.
Watering a plant
Spraying
Hybrids left some habits from wild "relatives", so they love bathing foliage and buds. It is advisable to produce spray watering.
Humidity
Humidity for tricolor should not be increased, but if such a microclimate is present, the plant will tolerate it normally.
Priming
It is advisable to choose a place where the soil is light with a clay base. It is important that the soil is fertilized with organic fertilizers and different nutrient medium.
Choosing a place and soil for planting
Top dressing
It is advisable to produce at least one top dressing per month, since the violet blooms almost constantly and draws a lot of nutrients from the soil. Potash and organic fertilizers are suitable.
Winter Care Features
There are several types of plants - annual and biennial. In the first case, no special winter care is required. With the first frosts, the flowers themselves will die. It is enough then to remove the frozen bushes.
Relatively two-year-olds, a layer of natural insulation is needed - dry leaves or spruce needles. To prevent the insulation from scattering, you need to lay several rails on top. First, it is worth removing the buds and yellowed leaves from the plant.
When and how it blooms
The main property of a flower regarding beauty is its long flowering period. The viola blooms for a long time, if you trim the faded buds, the dates can be determined in early April and end in late November.
Features and timing of flowering
Types of flowers
In addition to the variety of color of the petals, one must take into account the structure of the bud. Distinguish between radially symmetric flowers and ordinary five-leafed. Some hybrids have ruffled petal edges.
Flower shapes
The flower has a complex structure:
- flower stalk - a long stem on which the bud is placed;
- the two upper petals are the largest in size and dark in color — blue or violet, the two side petals are lighter and the two lower are the lightest;
- the petals are folded so that between them a tube forms into which the secreted nectar flows;
- from the center of the flower along the petals are dark stripes.
The shape and appearance of the flower
Flowering period
Viola blooms for a long time without wilting petals. The process can last from four days to two weeks. Much depends on the degree of care and weather conditions.
Changes in flowering care
The forest version of the plant does not require special care, but domestic varieties need more attention. It is necessary to remove dried flowers, yellow leaves in a timely manner. Closely monitor the watering.
How tricolor violet propagates
There are several options for the reproduction of tricolor. Which grower decides for himself, based on his abilities. If you need to immediately increase the clearing, then the ideal option is to plant large bushes. Seeds will do for next year.
Three-color breeding
Seed germination
You don’t need to do anything on purpose, that is, pick buds. After ripening, seed boxes are formed in their place. Over time, they open up, and the seeds, getting into the ground, germinate themselves. You can collect seeds and apply for sowing in the right place.
Seed germination
Rooting cuttings
The garden version of the violet dives at the moment when two full leaves appear on the cuttings. Sprouts can be planted in pre-prepared soil or pots. In any case, this option is most relevant for reproduction.
Other options
A similar principle of propagation with cuttings is the separation of the bush. The option is relevant when breeding two-year-old flowers. Large overgrown bushes need to be dug up and divided into several parts.
Ripening Seed Boxes
Transplanting in pots after purchase
Transplanting in pots or pots to decorate a flower bed or garden is as follows:
- Prepare the substrate for planting.
- Take a low but wide pot.
- Spray the soil in a container, make a small hole.
- Set the sprout and sprinkle with soil.
- Moisten the soil. For several days you can cover the pot with cellophane.
Possible problems in growing
There are several contraindications that relate to cultivation. The flower with its appearance will give clues regarding further actions. Sometimes there are problems with leaves, diseases and insects. But these are rare and isolated cases.
Growing Features
What are the problems with leaves
The appearance of the sheet can indicate a lot:
- yellowing - an excess of moisture;
- drying of the tips - insufficient irrigation;
- folding - the need for fertilizing the soil.
Important! Other signals from the leaves may be associated with an improperly selected landing site.
Disease
Common violet is often amenable to diseases associated with decay of the root system. In addition, it can be affected by powdery mildew, gray rot. Tricolor is more resistant to any type of disease.
Pests
Bushes are rarely attacked by pests. Sometimes between the roots can be ants. A spider can make a cobweb between instances - a common occurrence for street flowers.
Plant resistance to diseases and pests
Other problems
With the indoor version of the flower, problems may arise in terms of cultivation, breeding and care. Often diseases appear. Street instances are more resistant to weather conditions, harsh climate and external factors.
Three-flowered grass is considered medicinal and is often used in many areas of cosmetology. The plant used to be very popular among healers and healers. Now there are many hybrids that only look like wild "progenitors". Such specimens are resistant to weather conditions, diseases and pests. An aesthetic look captivates gardeners. Tri-color coloring is especially attractive.
